The hottest technical route is divided again. Tern

The technical route diverges again. Ternary or lithium iron phosphate

at the "2016 Second China Power Battery Conference" held on December 15, Liu Kai, the technical director of Guangzhou Libo Energy Technology Co., Ltd., pointed out that under the framework of the existing material system, no matter how the technology is improved, the hope that the energy density of lithium iron phosphate power battery cells can reach 300wh/kg is a little slim, and relatively speaking, the ternary technology route is more promising

there have been different opinions about "who is the mainstream of the future technical route of ternary and lithium iron phosphate". However, according to some experts, ternary batteries may become the mainstream of batteries in the future

with the explosion of the demand for new energy vehicles, the problem of low mileage of power batteries is also gradually exposed. This year, several departments have issued documents to revise the mileage and energy density standards of power batteries. Among them, the development plan for energy saving and new energy vehicle industry (year) led by the Ministry of industry and information technology clearly states that the specific energy of battery modules of power vehicles should reach 260wh/kg in 2020

"the policy direction has changed, indicating that the ban on ternary batteries is about to be lifted." Liu Kai said

the ban on ternary batteries is about to be lifted.

the cathode materials of power batteries include lithium iron phosphate, ternary, lithium titanate and lithium manganate. Among them, lithium titanate and lithium manganate have low energy density. At present, lithium iron phosphate is the most used battery in China. In China, there has been a dispute over whether the cathode material of power batteries should follow the lithium iron phosphate route or the ternary route for many years

this dispute even affected the direction of policy. In January 2016, the Ministry of industry and information technology announced to suspend the use of Sanyuan in commercial vehicles to investigate their safety

however, recently, the Ministry of industry and information technology held a publicity and implementation meeting on further improving the safety supervision of the promotion and application of new energy vehicles. From January 1, 2017, passenger cars using ternary batteries that have newly applied for the catalogue of recommended models for the promotion and application of new energy vehicles need to submit a third-party test report, which is also regarded as the fuse for the upcoming release of ternary batteries

industry insiders said that on the premise of passing the thermal runaway test and thermal runaway expansion test, the application of ternary batteries in electric buses may be lifted

industry experts believe that one of the main reasons restricting the popularity of new energy vehicles is the problem of mileage, so it is imperative to improve the energy density of power batteries, and choosing the ternary technology route is the most effective means

it has to be mentioned that the dispute over the technical route of ternary and lithium iron phosphate has lasted for several years. At the beginning of 2016, the Ministry of industry and information technology announced the suspension of ternary batteries for pure electric buses, which once hit the bottom of the ternary battery, and also put the power battery enterprises focusing on the ternary technical route in trouble

Yang Qi, marketing director of Ningde Times New Energy Technology Co., Ltd., pointed out that the suspension of ternary battery, which is easy to cause small piston damage and oil leakage, is due to safety considerations. The lifting of the ban on ternary battery is due to the safety standards. With the safety standards, ternary and lithium iron phosphate can compete on the same stage again

according to the data of the testing agency, the risk of single battery is widespread in the existing power battery system. The low risk includes liquid leakage, deformation, exhaust, and the high risk includes sparks, explosions, etc. If the thermal runaway of the single battery occurs, the ternary material battery is more prone to sparks than the lithium iron phosphate material, resulting in fire, explosion and other safety problems

however, the safety of ternary batteries can be solved. Liu Kai said that there are three ways to improve the safety of ternary batteries, "The first is to add silicon titanium nanotubes to the cathode material of ternary battery to improve the capacity and ensure the safety under thermal runaway state. (silicon titanium nanotubes have good conductivity, flame retardancy, provide capacity and prolong the cycle life by one to three times.) 。

the second is to use solvent-free PI adhesive, the dosage is one third of PVDF, and the cost is half of PVDF. It can be heat cured, EB electron beam cured, or UV cured. The length of the coating line is only 12 meters, the energy consumption is reduced by half, and the coating speed is 120 meters/minute. The third is the use of solid electrolyte, which can double the life of lithium battery, with a capacity of 300 watt hours/kg, and reduce the cost by half

it is understood that the country will continue to support the technical route of ternary power battery in the future. Industry insiders believe that it is expected that in the two to three years from 2017, the country will intensively introduce a number of policies and measures aimed at improving the safety of new energy vehicles

data show that by 2020, the total demand for power batteries in China's new energy vehicle market will be close to 50million kwh, of which lithium iron phosphate will also experience a two-year slow growth period. By 2019, the absolute demand will decline, and by 2020, it will rapidly decline to about 7.5 million kwh. Some people in the industry even predicted that "lithium iron phosphate will be eliminated by new energy vehicles in the next threeorfour years"

it is expected that the ban on ternary batteries will be lifted in the field of pure electric passenger cars in 2018, and the demand for ternary batteries will explode. " Thomas Michaelis, the project manager of kostron ball development, said that it will reach about 42.5 million kwh by 2020, thus basically completing the domination of the new energy vehicle market that will reach 500000 people in the Chinese industry, and the lithium iron phosphate battery will transfer the current market center to the energy storage field

it is safer to seize the ternary battery and develop multiple routes.

although the ternary battery technology route is more likely to reach 300wh/kg, it also needs strength. At present, BYD, Ningde times and other domestic industries have formed imported vehicle distribution centers that radiate South China and Southeast Asia, and began to seize the market share of ternary batteries

it is understood that BYD has always adhered to the technical route of lithium iron phosphate battery. Recently, Li Qian, the Secretary of BYD, revealed that BYD will expand the layout of ternary lithium battery in the future. BYD expects a battery capacity of 10gwh in 2016 and a new ternary battery capacity of GWH in 2017. BYD's large-scale layout of ternary lithium batteries means that the technical route of ternary batteries will dominate in the future. Of course, the product portfolio with more technical features is also conducive to seizing market share

at the same time, according to Yang Qi, at present, the lithium iron phosphate and ternary capacity of Ningde era account for 2:1. Based on the market demand for improving energy density, the ternary battery technology route may become an industry trend, and the company will increase the layout of ternary technology next year

in fact, in the second half of 2016, many enterprises have begun to layout ternary battery projects, such as Bangpu Group invested 1.226 billion yuan to build a 35000 ton annual ternary precursor project; Smart energy increased the capital of foster by 3.114 billion yuan to expand the production of high-end ternary lithium battery production lines; Hengdian dongci haotou 3 billion yuan lithium battery layout; Greenmead acquired the ternary precursor production line and jointly deployed ternary lithium batteries with Bangpu; GuoXuan high tech fali ternary lithium battery

subject to the news of "lifting the ban on ternary" has not been confirmed and everyone is still skeptical about the safety of ternary lithium battery electric buses. Therefore, while battery manufacturers continue to adhere to the layout of lithium iron phosphate, they also need to do a good job in ternary technology reserves. After all, lithium iron phosphate and ternary will coexist for a long time in the future

however, Luo Huiming, Deputy Secretary General of China micro electric vehicle industry technology innovation alliance, stressed that there are too many unsafe factors in the battery itself. Compared with ternary batteries, lithium iron phosphate is indeed safer and more suitable for new energy vehicles at the beginning, because once new energy vehicles have just been promoted, safety accidents will cause a devastating blow

"ternary battery has the advantage of higher energy density compared with lithium iron phosphate battery." Luo Huiming believes that with the rapid development of the electric vehicle market, people have higher and higher requirements for energy density, and the mileage has almost become the most critical indicator to measure the technical level of pure electric vehicles. Previously, China's power battery technology route was dominated by lithium iron phosphate batteries. However, the state also began to tilt towards capacity density and mileage in terms of policy subsidies for new energy vehicles

the development of high energy density power battery system has become the international mainstream trend. According to statistics, ternary battery materials currently account for more than 80% of the global power battery market, while ternary battery cathode materials in China account for only about 30%

"in the global power battery market of new energy vehicles, the United States, Europe, Japan and South Korea have taken ternary lithium batteries as the main technical route from the beginning, and Panasonic, Samsung SDI, LG Chemical, AESC, etc. in Japan and South Korea are the leaders in this field." Luo Huiming believes that Tesla and Panasonic have done a good job in the cooperation of ternary batteries

at the beginning of 2016, Tesla CEO Elon Musk announced that he would jointly invest 3.7 billion pounds in the Nevada desert to build a ternary battery factory with a capacity of 35gwh. The capacity of this factory is almost equal to the sum of the current global power battery market capacity. After reaching the production capacity, it will be able to meet the demand of 460000 Tesla Model s, model X and model 3 power batteries, and the battery production cost will be reduced by 30%

"however, this does not mean that ternary lithium batteries will absolutely dominate the world in the future." Liu Kai said that the industry has never stopped mining technology and materials, just as all solid-state batteries have brought new ternary batteries, new material structures and new battery pole materials, providing new structures and raw material choices for ternary batteries. Therefore, higher energy density and safer performance are always the two propositions that enterprises try to balance

the core of the competition of new energy vehicles is the competition for power batteries. "The competition for the technical route of power batteries" will continue. Ternary or lithium iron phosphate, or other new technologies will be determined by market demand. "Whether it is passenger cars or passenger cars, safety is certainly the primary factor for automotive enterprises to consider in the research and development and manufacturing of products." Luo Huiming believes that only by constantly improving the technical level and producing batteries that meet the safety technical standards is the way of production